Cardiac manifestations and COVID-19- A review

The World Health Organization (WHO) classified the most recent coronavirus disease outbreak of 2019 (COVID-19) a pandemic on March 11, 2020. The cause of COVID-19, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), largely affects the respiratory system, with viral pneumonia as a complication most common manifestation. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 has a number of cardiovascular symptoms that raise COVID-19’s morbidity and fatality rates. Individuals are more likely to develop COVID-19 and have a worse prognosis if they have underlying cardiovascular illnesses and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Endothelial dysfunction, widespread microangiopathy with thrombosis, and elevated angiotensin II levels are potential pathways of cardiovascular damage. Acute coronary syndrome, myocarditis, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, and sudden death can all be caused by myocardial hyperinflammation. The early stages of COVID-19 show a high level of cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides, which indicates an acute myocardial damage. Given the intricate relationship between COVID-19 and cardiovascular symptoms, comprehensive knowledge for the proper management of these patients. Treatment is symptomatic until a particular antiviral medication for COVID-19 becomes available. Information about COVID-19’s cardiovascular risk factors and symptoms is provided in this review.