PSR Press – Page 25

Equilibria in electrochemistry and maximal rates of reaction

OMS-Vol. 7 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 35 – 88 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Tristram de Piro

Abstract: We consider Gibbs’ definition of chemical equilibrium and connect it with dynamic equilibrium, in terms of no substance formed. We determine the activity coefficient as a function of temperature and pressure, in reactions with or without interaction of a solvent, incorporating the error terms from Raoult’s Law and Henry’s Law, if necessary. We compute the maximal reaction paths and apply the results to electrochemistry, using the Nernst equation.

Sharp inequalities related to Wilker results

OMS-Vol. 7 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 19 – 34 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Abd Raouf Chouikha

Abstract: In this paper, we interested in Wilker inequalities. We provide finer bounds than known previous. Moreover, bounds are obtained for the following trigonometric function
\[g_n(x) = \left(\frac{\sin(x)}{x}\right)^2 \left( 1 – \frac{2\left(\frac{2 x}{\pi}\right)^{2n+2}}{1-(\frac{2x}{\pi})^2}\right) +\frac{\tan(x)}{x}, \ n\geq 0.\]

An analytical method for finding exact solutions of a nonlinear partial differential equation arising in electrical engineering

OMS-Vol. 7 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 10 – 18 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Md. Nur Alam

Abstract: In this investigation, we aim to investigate the novel exact solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations (NLPDEs) arising in electrical engineering via the -expansion method. New acquired solutions are kink, particular kink, bright, dark, periodic combined-dark bright and combined-dark singular solitons, and hyperbolic functions solutions. The achieved distinct types of solitons solutions contain critical applications in engineering and physics. Numerous novel structures (3D, contour, and density plots) are also designed by taking the appropriate values of involved parameters. These solutions express the wave show of the governing models, actually.

Generalized Euler’s \(\Phi_w\)-function and the divisor sum \(T_{k_w} \)-function of edge weighted graphs

OMS-Vol. 7 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 1 – 9 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Nechirvan Badal Ibrahim, Hariwan Fadhil M. Salih and Shadya Merkhan Mershkhan

Abstract:In this work, generalized Euler’s \(\Phi_w\)-function of edge weighted graphs is defined which consists of the sum of the Euler’s \(\varphi\)-function of the weight of edges of a graph and we denote it by \(\Phi_w(G)\) and the general form of Euler’s \(\Phi_w\)-function of some standard edge weighted graphs is determined. Also, we define the divisor sum \(T_{k_w}\)-function \(T_{k_w}(G)\) of the graph \(G\), which is counting the sum of the sum of the positive divisor \(\sigma_k\)-function for the weighted of edges of a graph \(G\). It is determined a relation between generalized Euler’s \(\Phi_w\)-function and generalized divisor sum \(T_{k_w}\)-function of edge weighted graphs.

Clinical analysis of emergencies in the patients with Hypertension

TCMS-Vol. 3 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 23 – 27 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Dr. Pratik Mansukhlal Doshi, Dr. Harshil Mehta and Dr. Dharmendra M Gohil

Abstract:Background: Hypertension affects individuals of all classes and across all groups. The relationship between blood pressure and the risk of cardiovascular disease events is continuous and independent of other risk factors.
Aim and Objectives: The present study aimed to identify various modes of presentation and the clinical profile of hypertensive emergencies in our hospital.
Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 100 patients admitted to this hospital over a period of two years. Patients who presented with an elevated blood pressure of systolic blood pressure >180mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >110mmHg, with a history of acute target organ damage, or with laboratory evidence of acute target organ damage were included in the study.
Results: Of the 100 patients studied, 88 were known hypertensives, among whom 54 had discontinued their antihypertensives before the incident, while the remaining 46 patients continued their medication. Among the 100 patients, 28 had diabetes mellitus and 28 had dyslipidemias. Out of 100 patients with hypertensive emergencies, 12 died before discharge, resulting in a hospital mortality rate of 12%. All expired patients had intracerebral hemorrhage.
Conclusion: Known hypertensives are at a higher risk of presenting with acute target organ damage associated with hypertensive emergency. The presence of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia increases the chance of developing hypertensive emergencies.

Integrated teaching using histopathology and clinical correlates to teach histology to medical students

TCMS-Vol. 3 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 17 – 22 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Ashfaq Ul Hassan, J.B. Singh, Neelofer Jan and Shomalla Jan

Abstract:In modern education, innovative techniques and updated technology are essential tools for effective teaching. As the medical field advances, new teaching methods and modalities are necessary to generate interest and provide practical learning experiences. Histology is a crucial component of medical education, and a thorough understanding of both the theory and slide recognition is necessary for medical students. This study aimed to investigate the intervention of Basic Pathology into Histology and its impact on First MBBS students’ response. The study involved 81 students from SKIMS Medical College in the Department of Anatomy and Pathology, who were administered a questionnaire. The results showed that students appreciated the integration of pathological perspectives with normal histology and found the combined approach useful and relevant. The study highlights the importance of practical teaching methods and the need for continuous improvement in teaching and assessment methods in medical education.

Clinical profile of ocular surface disorder in patient with diabetes mellitus at tertiary care center of Kumaon region Uttarakhand

TCMS-Vol. 3 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 8 – 16 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Vivekanand Satyawali, Jyoti Rawat, Nitin Mahrotra, Vimlesh Sharma and Shanti Pandey

Abstract:Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious public health issue globally, and India is no exception to its growing prevalence in many emerging nations. In the near future, India will emerge as the global capital of diabetes.
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate ocular surface changes and ocular surface disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among all known cases of diabetes mellitus aged over 40 years, attending the eye outpatient department and diabetic clinic at Dr. Sushila Tiwari Government Hospital, Haldwani, Nainital.
Results: The mean age of diabetic patients was 60.82\(\pm\)10.23 (41-79) years. The majority of cases were female (59.7%), followed by males (40.3%). The rural population (56%) was more affected by ocular surface disorders in patients with type II diabetes mellitus than the urban population (44%). Homemakers (50.2%) were the largest group, followed by outdoor workers (30.8%), office workers (12%), and factory workers (7%). Itching was present in 22.0%, lacrimation in 54.8%, burning in 66.8%, foreign body sensation in 85.6%, and blurring of vision in 53.2%.
Conclusions: This study establishes a causal relationship between ocular surface disorder and diabetes mellitus.

Growth pattern in thalassemic children and their correlation with serum ferritin level in a transfusion dependent thalassemic children on oral chelation therapy

TCMS-Vol. 3 (2023), Issue 1, pp. 1 – 7 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Gautam Medhi, Amit Bhattacharjee, Diganta Barman, Mahibur Rahman, Sabir Hussain and Dorothy Hazowary

Abstract: Background: Beta-thalassemia syndromes are a category of genetic blood disorders defined by reduced or incomplete beta globin chain synthesis, leading to lower hemoglobin levels in red blood cells (RBC), lower RBC output, and anemia.
Aims and objectives: To study the growth pattern in thalassemic children who are on regular chelation therapy and blood transfusion in comparison to normal children and serum ferritin level in these children and its relation to growth pattern and oral chelation therapy.
Methods: The present study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. One hundred and one transfusion-dependent thalassemic children on oral chelation therapy, attending the pediatric ward in Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati, Assam, were enrolled during the study period from 1st May 2021 to 30th April 2022.
Results: This study provides evidence that children suffering from transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) are prone to growth retardation, with underweight, stunting, and wasting being 31.6%, 52.4%, and 27.7%, respectively.
Conclusion: In conclusion, short stature is an important complication in TDT. Growth in patients with TDT is significantly related to age, sex, hemoglobin level, and iron overload status. Management with hypertransfusion and good control of iron overload is important to achieve optimum growth in patients with TDT.

A cross-sectional observational study of hoarseness of voice in a tertiary care hospital

TCMS-Special issue: Recent developments of medical and surgical research (2023), pp. 34 – 44 Open Access Full-Text PDF

K G Somashekara, Ravikeerthi G, Vibha B and Norma Thomas

Abstract: Background: Hoarseness of voice is a common manifestation of structural or functional anomalies affecting the glottis. A detailed examination is necessary to ensure accurate diagnosis and management. Patients from rural areas often present with the condition at a later stage, emphasizing the need for creating awareness to facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. Indirect or video laryngoscopy (IDL/VDL) is the preferred method for evaluating hoarseness.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine the socio-demographic profile of patients with hoarseness of voice and identify common predisposing factors for the condition.
Methods: We conducted a study of 100 cases of hoarseness of voice at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Bangalore, Karnataka, over 18 months. Detailed histories, including habits and socio-demographic information, were obtained. We documented information on the onset, duration, precipitating factors, aggravating and relieving factors, and socio-economic status. All patients underwent general clinical and otorhinolaryngological, head, and neck examinations, as well as IDL/VDL.
Results: In our study, the most commonly affected age group was 50-60 years (21%), and males were more affected than females in a ratio of 1.2:1. The majority of patients were from urban areas, with most belonging to class 3 (36%). Agricultural workers and manual laborers had the highest incidence. The majority of patients presented within 15 days of symptom onset, and vocal abuse (32%) was the most common predisposing factor. All patients presented with a change in voice (100%), with associated symptoms including difficulty in swallowing (34%), voice fatigue (26%), weight loss, and loss of appetite.
Conclusion: Due to the prevailing COVID-19 situation, most patients in our study presented at a later stage, with significant changes in voice or associated symptoms. This was a major limitation of our study. We emphasize that any change in voice can have varied etiologies, and therefore requires appropriate investigation, screening, and early management. Awareness of the ill-effects of smoking, alcohol, tobacco, and vocal abuse is crucial in preventing various laryngeal pathologies.

Functional outcome of external fixator in Pilon fracture

TCMS-Special issue: Recent developments of medical and surgical research (2023), pp. 24 – 33 Open Access Full-Text PDF

Satish R Gawali, Yogesh Teke and Abhay Kawedia

Abstract: Background: Pilon fractures are complex fractures of the lower limb in adults that can be managed by various modalities, including open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), external fixation, and conservative management.
Materials and Methodology: In this study, 30 patients with pilon fractures were treated with external fixation at a tertiary care center. The patients were followed up for 12 months, and their functional outcomes were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle and Hindfoot Score.
Results: The results showed that the use of external fixation led to a significant improvement in functional outcome in patients with pilon fractures, including range of motion, pain, and anatomical reduction.
Conclusion: External fixation is a less invasive and less time-consuming surgical modality for the treatment of pilon fractures. This technique has a favourable functional outcome and can be considered as an effective option for managing this complex fracture in adults.

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