Background: GBS is an acute-onset, monophasic immune-mediated disorder of the peripheral nervous system that often follows an antecedent infection.
Objectives: To assess the factors (clinical, investigatory tools, and therapies) that may affect the outcome of patients with GBS.
Methods: This is an analytical observational study that was conducted at Tertiary care Hospital including thirty patients with the diagnosis of GBS in the duration from May 2018 to December 2021 after the patients or their relatives signed an informed consent. Included patients from both genders aged from 16 to 70 years old who were diagnosed as GBS within two weeks from onset of neurologic symptoms, depending on the history, clinical examination and investigatory tools. Hughes scales was used for outcomes. SPSS (Version 22.0).
Results: the study was female preponderance as compared to males (60%). Mean age was 36.18 years and the most common age group was found to be 16-39 years (70%). 26 patients (85%) had preceding respiratory tract infection, 4 patients (15.0%) had preceding gastrointestinal tract infection. The Pattern of weakness was ascending in 26 patients (85%) and descending in 4 patients (15%). there was no statistically significant difference found between both groups regarding gender and age of the study population. But it was noticed that patients with age ranging from 16 to 39 years showed significantly good or favorable prognosis compared to those with age ranging from 40 – 59 or \(\geq\)60 years. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding infection preceding illness, the pattern of weakness either ascending or descending and the nature of first symptoms. As regards the treatments received during period of admission, 20 patients (50.0%) received plasma exchange sessions, 4 patients (20.0%) received IVIG only and 6 patients (30.0%) received plasma exchange session then followed by IVIG due to unsatisfactory response after sessions.
Conclusion: Ascending pattern of weakness was more common than descending pattern in this study population and was not related to prognosis. High Hughes score at admission was associated with poor outcome at 8 weeks.
