Nicotiana tabacum is rich with medicinal importance. The aim of the study is to isolate, purify and compare nicotine (3-[1-Methylpyrolidine-2 yl] pyridine) from different brands of cigarettes. Isolation is carried out by liquid-liquid extraction using ether as solvent. Crude nicotine samples are further purified with SPE (solid phase extraction) method. Nicotine crystals are complexed with zinc chloride (
Nanoparticles are nanosized clusters with dimensions less than 100nm. Nanoparticles are fabricated by physical, chemical, and biological methods. Physical and chemical methods are energy intensive and involve hazards of contaminations. Biological synthesis of nanoparticles is environment friendly, less toxic and cost effective process. Plants, microorganisms, and biomolecules are commonly exploited species for merging of nanoparticles in this method. In present work we synthesize Chromium oxide nanoparticles by biological method using fungal extract of Aspargillus Niger. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and UV-Vis (Ultraviolet Visible) techniques.
Let
Topological indices collect information from the graph of molecule and help to predict properties of underlined molecule. Zagreb indices are among the most studied topological indices due to its applications in chemistry. In this report we compute first and second reversed Zagreb indices and first and second reversed Hyper Zagreb indices for
The objective of the present study was to investigate and compare the efficacy, physiochemical equivalence and purity of API’s of different brands of cetirizine 2HCl tablets (10mg) with that of multinational brands available in local market of Lahore, Pakistan. The present work also provides awareness to allergy patients about most effective local brands with reasonable prices, without any health risk. Spectrophotometric method was used for chemical assay, TLC technique was subjected for the purity of API’s and physiochemical parameters was employed i.e; weight variation, hardness, friability, thickness, disintegration time and dissolution study as well as price fluctuation in PK rupees. The results of all physiochemical parameters and chemical assay were found to be within limit and meet to the pharmacopeial standards. TLC technique was developed to check the quality and purity of API, all the active ingredients showed the similar