A clinico-pathological study of colonic biopsies
Abstract: Background: To assess clinico-pathological study of colonic biopsies.
Materials and methods: One hundred ten colonic biopsies obtained from Gastroenterology department were collected in 10% neutral buffered formalin processed and embedded with the mucosal surface being uppermost. 4\(\mu\) thick serial sections were prepared and stained with H&E. Detailed study of the sections was done under light microscope and diagnosis rendered accordingly.
Result: Age group 11-20 years had 8, 21-30 years had 22, 31-40 years had 40, 41-50 years had 24 and >50 years had 16 cases. The difference was non- significant (\(P> 0.05\)). Most common clinical features were constipation seen in 36, bleeding PR in 28, bleeding PR weakness in 17, diarrhea in 16 and diarrhea \(+\) pain abdomen \(+\) weakness in 14 patients. The difference was non-significant (\(P> 0.05\)). Non-neoplastic lesions were 74. These were as non-specific colitis in 22, ulcerative colitis in 16, acute inflammation in 14, hyperplastic polyp in 10, inflammatory polyp in 6, retention polyp in 4 and endometriosis in 2 cases. Neoplastic benign lesions were 25. Benign spindle cell lesion was in 3, tubular adenoma in 15, villous adenoma in 5 and tubulovillous adenoma in 2 cases. Neoplastic malignant lesions were well differentiated adenocarcinoma seen in 4, moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma in 6, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in 2 and signet ring cell carcinoma in 1 case.
Conclusion: Colonoscopy is a simple and a safe procedure. It helps in assessing the lesions clinically and confirming histopathologicaly through guided biopsy. Colonoscopic biopsies also play a key role not only in diagnosis, but also in follow up and treatment.