Ptolemy Journal of Chemistry (PJC)

Metals play predominant prefaces regarding most of industrial components such as the crude oil refining industry although corrosion performed some banes. In the current research it was expected to investigate to compare the effect of corrosive properties of two different crude oils on the rates of corrosion in seven different types of ferrous metals. The contents of sulfur, mercaptans, organic acids, salt in both crude oils and chemical compositions of ferrous metals were determined by standard methods and instruments. A batch of similar sized metal coupons was prepared and immersed in both crude oils separately. The corrosion rate of each metal coupon was determined by the weight loss method in order to after 15, 30 and 45 days while observing the corroded metal surfaces by the optical microscope. The decayed concentrations of copper and ferrous in each crude oil sample were tested and the both initial and final hardness of each metal coupon were tested. According to the results there were observed lower corrosion rates from stainless steels, relatively higher impact from salts on the corrosion, formation corrosion compounds, corrosion cracks, pitting corrosion on metal surfaces and there were observed a slight reduction of hardness in each metal coupon eventually.

Matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (MMP-2/-9) are key tissue remodeling enzymes that have multiple overlapping activities critical for wound healing and tumor progression. In search of new anti-tumor agents, indole-oxadiazole containing butanamides (1-5) were evaluated with B16F10 mouse melanoma cells in this study. The results showed that compounds 1, 2 and 3 inhibited the cell proliferation in a considerable manner at concentrations ranging from 0-44M. The possible migration inhibitory effects of these melanoma cells were further evaluated through gelatinolytic activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 secreted from B16F10 cells and it was inferred that compounds 1, 2 and 3 affected the expression and activity of these enzymes in a dose dependent manner while compound 1 can be regarded as promising anti-tumor agent.

The under consideration study focuses on synthesis and characterization of Nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles. Nanosized Nickel oxide powder was successfully synthesized using a simple and low cast sol-gel method. This method is environment friendly requiring no expensive chemicals and is time saving. The sol-gel method was accompanied by the formation of precipitates which were dried and calcined at 550\(^{o}\)C to get nickel oxide nanoparticles. The synthesized nanopowder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX).

The graphene and graphene oxide are latest and advanced materials with wide applications in environment, medical applications, industries, defense applications. We have synthesized graphene oxide from graphite flakes by modifying Hummer method in which we used NaNO\(_{2}\) instead of NaNO\(_{3}\). Then we characterized our samples with X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD), Scanning-Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared-Spectroscopy (FT-IR). These results confirmed the formation of graphene oxide also through this process. This graphene oxide can further be used for future applications in wastewater treatment and biomedical applications.

Sulfonamides are considered to be biologically active and an important class of pharmaceutical compounds. These constitute an important class of antimicrobials, antidiabetics, anticancer and diuretics. These were the first chemotherapeutic drugs introduced to the world but their rapidly developed resistance decreased their use. In the present work, N-(2/4-substitutedphenyl)-4-(substituted)benzenesulfonamide (3a-d) and N-(tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide 3e were synthesized by the reaction of substituted aniline (1a-c) and tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethanamine (1d) with substituted benzenesulfonyl chloride (2a-d) using 10% aqueous \(Na_{2}CO_{3}\) solution as a reaction medium. In the second step, the synthesized molecules 3a-e were allowed to react different alkyl/aralkyl halides (4a-j) to synthesize the target N-substituted compounds, 5a-z,aa,bb, using lithium hydride as an activator and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as a reaction medium. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by using spectral techniques such as \(^{1}\)H-NMR, IR and EI-MS; and further examined for their anti-bacterial activities.

The application of graph theory in chemical and molecular structure research far exceeds people’s expectations, and it has recently grown exponentially. In the molecular graph, atoms are represented by vertices and bonded by edges. In this report, we study the M-polynomial of line graph of \(HAC_{5}C_{6}C_{7}[p,q]\) and recover many degree-based topological indices from it.

In this paper we aim to compute some Zagreb type polynomials of Möbius Ladder. Moreover we compute redefined Zagreb indices of Möbius Ladder.

The application of graph theory in chemical and molecular structure research far exceeds people’s expectations, and it has recently grown exponentially. In the molecular graph, atoms are represented by vertices and bonded by edges. In this report, we study the Zagreb-polynomials of line graph of \(HAC_{5}C_{6}C_{7}[p,q]\) and compute some degree-based topological indices from it.

In this work we have described the synthesis of Zinc Oxide nanoparticles through chemical and biological methods. For biological synthesis Aspargillus niger was used. The product obtained was characterized through different analytical techniques like XRD, SEM and EDX. The obtained results were matched with the literature. It was confirmed that the Zinc Oxide nanoparticles can also be prepared from Aspargillus niger.Which may be more ecofriendly and economical compared to other commonly used methods.

Topological indices are numerical numbers associated with a graph that helps to predict many properties of underlined graph. In this paper we aim to compute multiplicative topological indices of Circulant graph.